ABSTRACT
Abstract In the present work, twelve bacilli were isolated from four different regions of human skin from Bela population of Nagpur district, India. The isolated bacilli were identified by their morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics. Seven isolates were Gram negative rods, out of which five were belong to genus Pseudomonas. Three among the five Gram positive isolates were identified as Dermabactor and the remaining two Bacillus. Their antimicrobial susceptibility profile was determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The isolates showed resistance to several currently used broad-spectrum antibiotics. The Dermabactor genus was resistant to vancomycin, although it was earlier reported to be susceptible. Imipenem was found to be the most effective antibiotic for Pseudomonas while nalidixic acid, ampicillin and tetracycline were ineffective. Isolates of Bacillus displayed resistance to the extended spectrum antibiotics cephalosporin and ceftazidime. Imipenem, carbenicillin and ticarcillin were found to be the most effective antibiotics as all the investigated isolates were susceptible to them. Antibiotic resistance may be due to the overuse or misuse of antibiotics during the treatment, or following constant exposure to antibiotic-containing cosmetic formulations.
Subject(s)
Adolescent/classification , Adolescent/drug effects , Adolescent/genetics , Adolescent/isolation & purification , Adolescent/microbiology , Adolescent/pharmacology , Adult/classification , Adult/drug effects , Adult/genetics , Adult/isolation & purification , Adult/microbiology , Adult/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/classification , Anti-Bacterial Agents/drug effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/genetics , Anti-Bacterial Agents/isolation & purification , Anti-Bacterial Agents/microbiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacillus/classification , Bacillus/drug effects , Bacillus/genetics , Bacillus/isolation & purification , Bacillus/microbiology , Bacillus/pharmacology , Female/classification , Female/drug effects , Female/genetics , Female/isolation & purification , Female/microbiology , Female/pharmacology , Healthy Volunteers/classification , Healthy Volunteers/drug effects , Healthy Volunteers/genetics , Healthy Volunteers/isolation & purification , Healthy Volunteers/microbiology , Healthy Volunteers/pharmacology , Humans/classification , Humans/drug effects , Humans/genetics , Humans/isolation & purification , Humans/microbiology , Humans/pharmacology , Male/classification , Male/drug effects , Male/genetics , Male/isolation & purification , Male/microbiology , Male/pharmacology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/classification , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/drug effects , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/genetics , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/isolation & purification , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/microbiology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/pharmacology , Middle Aged/classification , Middle Aged/drug effects , Middle Aged/genetics , Middle Aged/isolation & purification , Middle Aged/microbiology , Middle Aged/pharmacology , Skin/classification , Skin/drug effects , Skin/genetics , Skin/isolation & purification , Skin/microbiology , Skin/pharmacology , Young Adult/classification , Young Adult/drug effects , Young Adult/genetics , Young Adult/isolation & purification , Young Adult/microbiology , Young Adult/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Foram caracterizadas sorologicamente e testadas para a susceptibilidade e antimicrobianos, 116 amostras de Salmonella isoladas de coproculturas e hemoculturas efetuadas de crianças durante o período de maio de 1987-junho 1992 no Instituto Fernando Figueira, Brasil. Detectou-se seis sorogrupos (04; 07; 08; 09; 03; 10 e 035) representados por 18 serovares, sendo a S. typhimurium (62,93 por cento) a mais frequente, seguida da S. agona (7,75 por cento). Os antimicrobianos utilizados foram a ampicilina (Ap), cefalotina (Cf), cefoxitina (Cx), ceftriaxona (Cro), pefloxacin (Pf), gentamicina (Ge), amicacina (Am), sulfametoxazoletrimetropim (SxT), cloranfenicol (CL) e tetraciclina (Te). 94.52 por cento das cepas de S. typhimurium representaram determinantes de resistência. Foram encontrados 29 padröes de resistência diferentes, sendo o mais frequente para S. typhimurium o Ap, Cf, Ge, Am, Sxt, Cl, Te, Pf (40,47 por cento) e para os outros serovares o Te (20.83 por cento). A determinaçäo da concentraçäo mínima inibitória realizada para cinco dos antimicrobianos citados evidenciou altos níveis de resistência para Ap e Cl, contrapondo-se a níveis mais baixos obtidos para Ge, Sxt e Cro
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Salmonella/isolation & purification , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/classification , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Tetracycline/immunology , Amikacin/immunology , Gentamicins/immunology , Cefoxitin/immunology , Cephalothin/immunology , Ampicillin/immunologyABSTRACT
Avaliou-se a susceptibilidade a antibióticos em 146 cepas de Streptococcus pneumoniae isoladas de líquido cerebroespinhal. Sete cepas (3 com o fenótipo de resistência e 4 com o fenótipo de susceptibilidade moderada) apresentaram resultados semelhantes para a oxacilina segundo o método da difusäo em disco, e para a penicilina segundo o método da concentraçäo mínima inibitória. Duas cepas tiveram comportamentos discrepantes ao comparar-se os resultados de 2 métodos. Todas as outras cepas (137) apresentaram inibiçäo de crescimento para uma concentraçäo de oxacilina de 1 mg/ml, segundo o método da difusäo em disco
Subject(s)
Humans , Oxacillin/immunology , Streptococcus pneumoniae/drug effects , Penicillin Resistance/immunology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/classification , Meningitis/immunologyABSTRACT
Con el objeto de evaluar la distribución epidemiológica de las bacteremias detectadas en el INEN entre 1980 y 1993 revisamos los archivos de la institución. Los gérmenes Gram positivos representan aproximadamente el 60 por ciento de la serie. Entre 1980 a 1984 el S. aureus fue el Gram positivo más frecuente y S. epidermidis entre 1985 y 1993. Los gérmenes negativos representaron el 40 por ciento del total y cinco fueron los más frecuentes: Pseudomona, E. coli, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter y Enterobacter.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Neoplasms/complications , Cross Infection/diagnosis , Cross Infection/etiology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/classification , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Neoplasms/pathology , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Cross Infection/microbiology , Cross Infection/pathologyABSTRACT
El documento ofrece el III Curso Latinoamericano de Actualización en Antimicrobianos realizado en Managua del 13 al 15 de junio del 2000. En el que aborda el tema sobre la determinación cuantitativa de la actividad de los agentes antimicrobianos (CIM), así como la cinetica de la actividad antimicrobiana, los casos en que se debe realizar una prueba cuantitativa (CIM), ,los métodos para la determinación cuantitativa de la sensibilidad a los antimicrobianos, los factores que afectan los resultados de las pruebas de sensibilidad por dilución, los criterios para establecer puntos de corte farmacocinetica y farmacodinamica de las drogas, asi como los criterios para establecer puntos de corte y las recomendaciones para evaluar la sensibilidad de microorganismos inusuales, los mecanismos de resistrencia a antibióticos Betalactamicosn en Haemophilus SPP